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Use of English

Level B2

Part 2 - Open Cloze

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For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

City Lights

Artificial lighting has transformed urban life (0) FOR the better in many ways, making cities safer and more active after dark. However, it has also created problems that people did not always think (1) .......... in the past. Streets, buildings and advertisements are now lit so brightly that it can be difficult to escape (2) .......... the glow, even late at night. This constant brightness affects not only people, but also animals, many of (3) .......... depend on darkness to find food or navigate. Researchers have pointed (4) .......... that excessive lighting may disturb sleep patterns and reduce the visibility of stars. In some areas, residents complain that they cannot rest properly because light shines (5) .......... their windows all night. Cities are therefore trying to find solutions that allow them to remain safe while cutting down (6) .......... wasted energy. One approach is to install smarter systems, (7) .......... switch off or dim lights when streets are empty. If this trend continues, urban areas may become both more efficient and more respectful (8) .......... the natural environment.

What to do

This part consists of a short text with a series of gaps. There are no words from which to choose the answers, candidates have to think of a word which fits the gap correctly.

Errors in punctuation are ignored, although spelling must be correct.

Contractions (e.g. don’t, we’ve, won’t) count as two words. However, can’t is a contraction of cannot, which is one word.

Sometimes, there is more than one correct answer. Cambridge will always account for this and all options will be accepted. However, you should not write more than one answer.

Don't spend time in a word you don't know. Wasting time on this activity might cost you points later in the exam because you won’t have enough time to do other tasks well.

Strategy

  1. Read the title and the whole text so that you understand what it is about.
  2. Read the whole sentence in which the gap occurs, to look for clues as to what kind of word you need.
  3. Check the words before and after each gap and look for grammatical collocations.
  4. Remember you must write only one word.
  5. You are never required to write a contraction. If you think the answer is a contraction, it must be wrong, so think again.
  6. Read the whole text through once you have completed it to make sure you have not missed any connectors, plurals or negatives.

Instructions

For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

Exercise Details

Author

kmirasprra no

@kmirasprra-no

User Prompt

"Create an exercise about the impact of artificial lighting on cities"

Tone: Standard
Level: B2

Created on:

May 27, 2026

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