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Use of English

Level C1

Part 2 - Open Cloze

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For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

Cities in Motion

Migration has long been one of the forces that shape urban culture, influencing everything from food and music to language and public space. In many cities, neighbourhoods once known (0) FOR a single local tradition have gradually been transformed by newcomers arriving from different regions or countries. Far from weakening a city’s identity, this process often adds (1) .......... its complexity and vitality. New arrivals do not simply adapt to the places they move to; they also leave their mark (2) .......... them. Markets begin to sell unfamiliar ingredients, festivals gain new forms of expression, and everyday speech absorbs words from other languages. In time, customs that were once seen as foreign may come to be regarded (3) .......... part of the city’s character. At the same time, migration can create tension, particularly (4) .......... resources are limited or when long-established residents feel excluded from change. Yet historians point out that many traditions now considered deeply urban were themselves introduced (5) .......... earlier waves of migration. What matters most, perhaps, is whether a city is able to create conditions (6) .......... which different communities can meet, work and participate equally. Urban culture is rarely fixed; it develops (7) .......... constant contact, negotiation and exchange. Migration is therefore not something that happens on the edge of city life, but at the very centre (8) .......... it.

What to do

This part consists of a short text with a series of gaps. There are no words from which to choose the answers, candidates have to think of a word which fits the gap correctly.

Errors in punctuation are ignored, although spelling must be correct.

Contractions (e.g. don’t, we’ve, won’t) count as two words. However, can’t is a contraction of cannot, which is one word.

Sometimes, there is more than one correct answer. Cambridge will always account for this and all options will be accepted. However, you should not write more than one answer.

Don't spend time in a word you don't know. Wasting time on this activity might cost you points later in the exam because you won’t have enough time to do other tasks well.

Strategy

  1. Read the title and the whole text so that you understand what it is about.
  2. Read the whole sentence in which the gap occurs, to look for clues as to what kind of word you need.
  3. Check the words before and after each gap and look for grammatical collocations.
  4. Remember you must write only one word.
  5. You are never required to write a contraction. If you think the answer is a contraction, it must be wrong, so think again.
  6. Read the whole text through once you have completed it to make sure you have not missed any connectors, plurals or negatives.

Instructions

For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

Exercise Details

Author

Then Hen

@lena

User Prompt

"Create an exercise about how migration shapes urban cultures"

Tone: Standard
Level: C1

Created on:

Jul 12, 2026

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