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Use of English

Level C1

Part 2 - Open Cloze

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For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

Data and Decisions

In modern organisations, data is often treated (0) AS the ultimate source of truth. Yet the reality is more complicated: numbers rarely speak for themselves, and they can be misleading (1) .......... they are collected without a clear purpose. Good decision-making starts with asking the right question, rather (2) .......... searching for any dataset that happens to be available. Once the question is defined, analysts need to consider where the information comes (3) .........., how reliable it is, and what might be missing. A dashboard may look impressive, but it is only useful (4) .......... it helps people understand what is happening and why. Even in data-rich environments, judgement still matters. Leaders may be tempted to follow the metric that moves fastest, (5) .......... this can encourage short-term thinking. In addition, teams sometimes confuse correlation with causation, assuming that one change must have caused another, (6) .......... fact the relationship may be indirect. The best organisations build a culture in which data is shared openly, assumptions are challenged, and decisions are reviewed after they are made. That way, data becomes not a weapon in internal debates, (7) .......... a tool for learning. Ultimately, the goal is not to have more data, but to be (8) .......... to use it wisely.

What to do

This part consists of a short text with a series of gaps. There are no words from which to choose the answers, candidates have to think of a word which fits the gap correctly.

Errors in punctuation are ignored, although spelling must be correct.

Contractions (e.g. don’t, we’ve, won’t) count as two words. However, can’t is a contraction of cannot, which is one word.

Sometimes, there is more than one correct answer. Cambridge will always account for this and all options will be accepted. However, you should not write more than one answer.

Don't spend time in a word you don't know. Wasting time on this activity might cost you points later in the exam because you won’t have enough time to do other tasks well.

Strategy

  1. Read the title and the whole text so that you understand what it is about.
  2. Read the whole sentence in which the gap occurs, to look for clues as to what kind of word you need.
  3. Check the words before and after each gap and look for grammatical collocations.
  4. Remember you must write only one word.
  5. You are never required to write a contraction. If you think the answer is a contraction, it must be wrong, so think again.
  6. Read the whole text through once you have completed it to make sure you have not missed any connectors, plurals or negatives.

Instructions

For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.

Exercise Details

Author

Daniela Rodriguez Ruiz

@daniela-rodriguez-ruiz

User Prompt

"Create an exercise about the role of data in decision-making"

Tone: Standard
Level: C1

Created on:

Feb 25, 2026

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